ABSTRACT
Objective: Coronary heart disease [CAD] is the most prevalent chronic disease and the main leading cause of death in the world, with more than half a million newly diagnosed CAD patients each year. The development of atherosclerosis involves the interaction of multiple metabolic and cellular processes. Central to this are disorders of lipoprotein metabolism. Apolipoprotein A-I is the major protein component of high-density lipoprotein [HDL] in plasma. Chylomicrons secreted from the intestinal enterocyte also contain Apo A-I, but it is quickly transferred to HDL in the blood stream. The aim of this study is to determine if Apo-A1 can be used as indicator to severity and extent of CAD
Methods: This study was conducted in cardiac catheterisation unit at Al Hussein Medical city from November 2014 to September 2015. It included 76 patients [49 males and 27 females] who presented with signs and symptoms of CAD and have undergone angiography. Control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects [14 males and 6 females] matched for age and BMI. Serum levels of Apo-A1 were measured in both groups. After coronary angiography was done for all patients, the extent and severity of CAD was correlated with serum levels of Apo-A1. The extent of CAD was determined by angiography, according to number of coronary arteries involved and degree of narrowing in coronary artery diameter
Results: The angiographic finding in patient group was normal in 22 patients [28.9%], single vessel involvement in 15 patients [19.7%], two vessels disease in 15 patients [19.7%] and three vessels disease in 18 patients [23.8%]. The left main stem disease [LMD] was found in 6 patients [7.9%]. There was no significant difference in the serum level of Apo-A1 between patient with CAD and control group [P = 0.147]. There was no significant correlation between serum level of Apo-A1 and the extent CAD [r = 0.004, P = 0.975]
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in serum level of Apo-A1 between the patients group and the control group. Also, there was no significant correlation between serum level of Apo-A1 and the extent of CAD